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中英文资产负债表


+ h% ?- M. E2 i+ _

/ q# P8 G, m% x! ?( A( }+ P
资   产                       ASSETS) y4 S6 W, X+ E; Z' C
流动资产:             CURRENT ASSETS:4 K4 @' z( L4 G9 P
现   金             Cash on hand
6 [5 f; V3 Y0 d5 g+ E! N/ C6 Q, F" m
银行存款             Cash in bank
, F4 E0 U. J; _2 @8 L! {" ?! @- d
有价证券             Marketable securities6 Y& J: |$ @% \6 F/ S
应收票据             Notes receivable 
7 d. t- }8 k3 A9 v
应收账款             Accounts receivable- C9 K' Y3 ~4 M, H
  减:坏账准备         Less:Provision for bad debts
' p' I9 d6 N% ?1 C: g1 \
预付帐款             Advances to suppliers
' m; s# Z6 q! c! a" O& u
其他应收款           Other receivables9 [1 a4 A2 h) E1 R5 L
待摊费用             Deferred and prepaid expenses
9 f& z5 U! c0 S! S- `$ T, Y
存   货             Inventories
9 B. g9 N5 Q8 _
减:存货变现损失准备     Less:Provision for loss on realization of inventories
% U5 D$ }! q0 N
一年内到期的长期投资     Long-term investments maturing within one year
7 u0 T' m  F) Z6 {
其他流动资产         Other current assets
6 M, N8 h+ s/ v: o$ s$ m2 x- i
流动资产合计         Total current assets* F( C* A* ?; d# k
长期投资:             LONG TERM INVESTMENTS
$ u! e  H9 q/ i% L, R2 y1 Z' B
长期投资             Long-term investments
6 a7 B  b: u1 X+ n' K7 T$ w
一年以上的应收款项     Receivables collectable after one year& q. Y* f1 R# o" R3 F
固定资产:             FIXED ASSETS:% e/ U. H( S9 J% d
固定资产原价         Fixed assets-cost
/ J6 M6 E- P. K2 N
  减:累计折旧         Less:Accumulated depreciationcost
, s: \  E$ ?. K/ z; G# _
固定资产净值         Fixed assets-net value
) V' ]6 F' Y- L% r. Z; C- d* Y& I
固定资产清理         Disposal of fixed assets
* f  b1 @: H* }" N: F3 j
在建工程:             CONSTRUCTION IN PROGRESS
: J  z4 ]! g; s) s( `1 j$ ?
在建工程             Construction in progress! k) |0 L- g  E* G9 E4 _
无形资产:             INTANGIBLE ASSETS:
5 y2 u1 ^* Q# F5 d
场地使用权           Land occupancy righ& y8 D+ h. g" i$ x. k- v* G6 X
工业产权及专有技术     Industary property rights and proprietary technology
! y* L# x  }! m) U5 z8 E
其它无形资产         Other intangible assets, }! z( G# B* r8 u4 u" O
无形资产合计           Total intangibles assets:& P  s) k4 U" l9 Q# H- o% g* [
其它资产:             OTHER ASSETS:1 {* |/ i* D$ C6 Q7 U4 P; O  w
开 办 费             Organization expenses
+ _0 ~( c8 M2 t. g1 _
筹建期间汇兑损失       Exchange loss during start-up period2 H- v- ?( V+ W& v
递延投资损失         Deferred loss on investm5 z, a; D, f" R1 }8 u& u
递延税款借项         Deferred taxes debi$ i3 ?1 P& H# L* \; K* R
其它递延支出         Other deferred expense
& L; j* B' \( e
待转销汇兑损失         Unamortized cxehangs loss
% A6 E* i% N  i
5 V  T, z% n2 Y3 ?# l2 O; f; J3 K6 [( d
  负债及所有者权益 LIABILITIES AND OWNER'S EQUITY" e% d/ m( L9 B1 {! B
流动负债:         CURRENT LIABILITIES:5 ~( P- s4 q$ S1 C- j9 M6 V% e9 d
短期借款           Short-term loans. l* H! |# k3 P2 d! t* n
应付票据           Notes payable6 a( c, W, ]8 [  p& O& U0 _8 w* h
应付账款           Accounts payable( ]$ A2 N+ `% o' n1 }# G4 J0 Q
应付工资           Accrued payroll' i  x" h- J* s
应交税金           Taxes payable
( s4 K; z7 }* _* I$ b
应付股利           Dividends payable
0 `$ S( w0 e" n3 b+ X$ e
预收货款           Advances from customers) u0 t! R' v) d4 O/ s  I: _
其它应付款         Other payables
1 \8 S8 S% [  a
预提费用           Accrued expense: q' Y6 v0 Y9 ]+ z
职工奖励及福利基金   Staff and worker's bonus and welfare fund& e% s- @3 C7 j% g+ ]& ^! s, H
一年内到期的长期负债   Long-term liabilities due within one year
$ C+ U" `& ~! J
其他流动负债         Other current liabilities
' a% Z# C5 F# G
流动负债合计         Total current liabilities
  C2 w; u( [" g
长期负债:         LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:
' K4 o2 O) m9 g
长期借款           Long-term loans4 ?0 x/ ^& T1 T( h( v
应付公司债         Dividends payable4 z7 Z! k" U* m' w/ a
应付公司债溢价(折价) Premium(discount)on debentures payable8 \) N+ I) h  P, |
一年以上的应付款项   Payables due after one year5 e  ]$ p' R+ ]7 r
长期负债合计       Total long-term liabilities
9 B7 g/ f# T  z. b6 ^
其他负债:       OTHER LIABILITIES) }9 k3 ]3 z; y
筹建期间汇兑收益     Exchange gain during start-up period2 O! G: X+ f5 g. k( _" J8 F* ~; M
递延投资收益       Deferred gain on investments
9 f1 X5 m7 k  p0 x+ f4 e
递延税款贷项       Deferred tax credits
! c; ^7 V4 x: T: F: c
其他递延贷项       Other deferred credits# r3 W) \! x/ ~# K: G0 N  d
待转销汇兑收益     Unamortized exchange gain
+ ]; [+ c/ V# r" L5 n
其他负债合计         Total other liabilities
# r3 ]* ?4 j$ D+ |$ X2 v
负债合计           Total liabilities
1 S5 m$ E/ U/ S& {
所有者权益:       OWNER'S EQUITY
( v% W. e8 B& a; g8 T* C' q* N6 i
资本总额 Registered capital (货币名称及金额currency and amount___)
" q) J) y4 N7 {# g# @$ {+ c
实收资本 Paid-in capital (非人民币资本期末金额amount of non-RMB currency at end of period___)
2 h( R, x' |& f8 X
其中:
$ O) M+ @# l, c# m& S; Z
  中方投资 Chinese investments(非人民币资本期末金额amount of non-RMB currency at end of period___)
  K$ Z4 W6 t% _9 J, C  c+ b9 e
  外方投资 Foreign investments(非人民币资本期末金额amount of non-RMB currency at end of period___)
; T  c6 P, ], A% Z3 i  L
减:已归还投资   Less:Investments returned
( a8 ~, K: B; t7 D
资本公积         Capital surplus
1 f+ O' y1 Z" m7 F+ R0 [/ d
储备基金         Reserve fund
6 X+ g" Y8 ?" S7 f$ d* ~- ?
企业发展基金       Enterprise expansion fund! W, K1 ^" q& z7 g
利润归还投资       Profit capitalised on return of investments1 d! o: X+ O6 o- J2 n
本年利润         Current year net income4 B7 V8 h, P, s; d" r
未分配利润       Undistributed profit9 f4 A% |& R; ^$ i4 k9 h7 E
所有者权益总计     Total owner's equity
% J& y0 u# A5 J; U5 x3 D/ u; u
负债及所有者权益总计   TOTAL LIABILITIES AND OWNER'S EQUITY
) G0 d0 O" l) M  ~2 p& R# N7 @1 L& j

Re:中英文会计词汇

Account 帐户5 O  E( E( |- g7 ]% L% w
Accounting system 会计系统
4 H8 u( ^( f! H( J8 Z, Z' YAmerican Accounting Association 美国会计协会 , U4 F8 K5 K0 c# t& r
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 4 O2 F- Z' K% m6 S" G: U/ H
Audit 审计 0 O, m5 @. h  S: j; S
Balance sheet 资产负债表 - s2 Q! z1 n% F4 f) g8 n$ p
Bookkeepking 簿记 2 z' r- S( `4 a& i
Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测 1 N1 f" P, r& y8 Q( n; }- V
Certificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书 # f  I% C5 {7 s/ e# d$ f1 h  @
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
3 s' D0 U$ o" {* r8 M& ?% MCertificate Public Accountant注册会计师 0 J) h- L) E. I. {2 {% z1 _/ v
Cost accounting 成本会计
5 y/ C5 L! u0 g( a, }5 }External users 外部使用者
0 l3 E2 f* N" N! ?! k# l+ UFinancial accounting 财务会计 " i' ]& z, V7 b
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 + X8 Y  o* J# |3 ?9 \8 A0 a
Financial forecast 财务预测 , n# p3 _, t; \* l' ^3 _) @
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 1 |  z- v: j( r  [4 E
General-purpose information 通用目的信息+ i1 ?& O; g- b9 P6 n0 ?$ D
Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室
0 V8 s7 _# f& o7 k* i' P8 H+ K! qIncome statement 损益表 + K/ ^/ u, J. T) y, q! C' ?! A+ z4 D
Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会 % r' A/ X# J& J. F2 r  y% ~
Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 / Z/ o; C' N! {; c+ D
Integrity 整合性 9 A1 x5 l$ k7 \, |
Internal auditing 内部审计
) `) v+ K6 ^. n7 h) w5 [Internal control structure 内部控制结构
0 \& B- l7 u2 ZInternal Revenue Service 国内收入署
+ L! `" p; e$ q& Q; h- d8 L+ a; KInternal users 内部使用者 - w, z" o. W9 r: h* w
Management accounting 管理会计
6 \9 B  c3 Z6 T! x$ v/ y& |- qReturn of investment 投资回报
1 U! ]1 [3 ^3 N7 |) x7 N4 ?) XReturn on investment 投资报酬
6 K# v  Y% {, b* C4 e$ g& }  [( LSecurities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
% W7 a) E( ^! m& L  WStatement of cash flow 现金流量表 5 w& p9 N' l; h3 E
Statement of financial position 财务状况表
( Q. ^8 T& \& C' o& {+ RTax accounting 税务会计 9 }( V( B" j9 Q
Accounting equation 会计等式 5 W( F/ L$ B2 K  p
Articulation 勾稽关系 5 p9 ?7 C7 o; X0 q
Assets 资产
3 M: F! b3 w1 G! c) o/ E3 NBusiness entity 企业个体 & Q9 m: h% }3 G6 n. K
Capital stock 股本
8 w/ P* O( W4 w3 U% gCorporation 公司 3 l6 n$ x8 ]& H: l$ u
Cost principle 成本原则
8 U2 Y1 W$ g/ m7 U4 C1 g, s. ?3 O" ACreditor 债权人 5 `1 }# B' }/ [+ ^2 l
Deflation 通货紧缩 6 L- D7 E6 F( M0 K8 j- ?
Disclosure 批露 0 z# f7 s& n6 D
Expenses 费用 5 r- p- [$ g  a9 h2 B/ b
Financial statement 财务报表
7 B6 a: r) L1 H9 GFinancial activities 筹资活动
& G6 Q0 u2 z, z/ F6 OGoing-concern assumption 持续经营假设
8 `  i' @) C. l4 R+ u# c" bInflation 通货膨涨
) M8 k! v7 f5 C6 s; vInvesting activities 投资活动 & \7 c4 {/ o  P1 ~8 X2 x+ z3 k
Liabilities 负债 " W# p8 a4 \$ q- U
Negative cash flow 负现金流量
/ [8 m: J; r: d8 D- ^Operating activities 经营活动 + G  p' k( f) \/ C1 f4 s
Owner's equity 所有者权益 6 `3 L* y- k# T; g" ^, O- @9 r) [
Partnership 合伙企业 . ?# w- X1 T6 u$ k/ _$ ^: n, u4 `- h
Positive cash flow 正现金流量 5 h5 `% w+ }; Y# @9 x
Retained earning 留存利润 ; `  d* }5 V  n( j% N
Revenue 收入 4 s& n1 z7 d! D  v7 A
Sole proprietorship 独资企业 ( n, J5 n. x& g/ a
Solvency 清偿能力 & m; m) h# P! d! [" A+ O, M
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设 8 L' K2 k* Y* Z. k
Stockholders 股东
8 x+ x" P2 y: JStockholders' equity 股东权益
2 I/ N! {& `5 p$ U! QWindow dressing 门面粉饰
付款方法 
/ ^; W' N: a/ ^+ j! mmode of payment 

9 H3 c/ ^4 V, G3 v现金付款  5 R! @8 f0 X9 v% I* e( y
payment by cash||cash payment||payment by ready cash 
3 M8 }8 c' w* z, e. ?- @
以支票支付 
/ o7 F" y3 A% x) O. ^) Hpayment by cheque 

- `$ d/ J6 ^  V( |$ X以汇票支付  6 q. N, n* [" ~9 L. v" N
payment by bill 
; Q: H& H& s4 h
以物品支付  % U: e) T4 K- L; ]: k7 G  g5 S) n
payment in kind 

) c5 r& S% W  K; W: N. b' {付清||支付全部货款 
; O; d, h5 p( ~/ M; m/ L% R# y7 Fpayment in full||full payment 
* I- z, E$ a3 F5 D  m$ }8 n
支付部分货款||分批付款  / b- V, v! a& E* F3 s
payment in part||part payment||partial payment 

& q/ z. z: k5 ~8 v记帐付款||会计帐目内付款  9 ~5 p$ Z2 @& t7 u
payment on account 
# L0 A5 y) k6 r8 z# _
定期付款 
$ a. j( E4 W+ Ipayment on term 

; \# L# V# `# m1 r6 ?* g+ Z年分期付款 
1 }* t5 |3 |9 p+ t. C# n1 ~annual payment 

8 k& Y; v7 B& e月分期付款  1 D6 i/ K7 a% H' A" _# M$ S
monthly payment||monthly instalment 

9 \' K% f; M/ T9 f延滞付款  + V" d4 p3 Y: U$ a3 f, c
payment in arrear 
& o1 V& t& D) J8 t$ b
预付货||先付  8 {# V2 C6 {! s  q! p! x
payment in advance||prepayment 
% ~9 b! m2 }; ^# y& J% P
延付货款  2 e5 u, m; i) t# b; i
deferred payment 

0 ?1 E; y* N7 s8 C* d. ]立即付款 
9 @, D$ F, {0 e& J* @prompt payment||immediate payment 

4 G3 S+ b( X% s! d- a暂付款  : j9 I7 I7 P6 h
suspense payment 

# N9 C% N& Q/ ?/ p" x4 x6 b, v延期付款  8 u/ |& y% T) ]# _: {' z, T, P  Q
delay in payment||extension of payment 
! p0 F9 q. Z4 H. `# I( A; c& R
支付票据  # }# z" V" Q# M6 `& q  X
payment bill 
% ~5 [4 J9 R( N* g. t9 P
名誉支付||干与付款 
; X! N! `( L  u, x; s" jpayment for honour||payment by intervention 

8 u  B+ ~4 z& p' l. V$ o& }7 M结帐||清算||支付  . l$ u  M0 Y3 _! C( t  v( B2 b3 |/ ^
settlement 
" M" y) M1 ~' n. e; H2 M
分期付款  8 [  A1 X$ v* p: n& |$ E8 X
instalment 
; N* e/ q9 S* T7 s
滞付||拖欠||尾数款未付  - [( l; a: H& ^/ d
arrears 
4 _- d/ ]0 w8 s' D# w& L6 E
特许拖延付款日  ! G# K( \) O7 {  X' U& D+ l, d% Y
days of grace 

( F; [: P& c7 m保证付款 
( S! W& X5 M& J% w" w# p- _; wdel credere 
2 |& v: Z& w4 j
付款 
; f) G% N2 G/ O( h1 Jto pay||to make payment||to make effect payment 
, `! p" y% M9 @1 {
结帐 
6 N* G1 L0 M- z5 ato settle||to make settlement||to make effect settlement||to square||to balance
/ T! p+ @" r0 {0 e/ [3 L
支出||付款  9 g8 p. u$ i( v: w0 L- q6 d
to defray||to disburse

+ z7 |! M4 Z% h8 F- w5 o& L, r/ M结清  ' o- _/ `7 C2 j+ s! t
to clear off||to pya off 
6 b1 F% @: Y3 [& e/ v" `
请求付款 
) b2 ~; P( C) V: rto ask for payment||to request payment 

# B  B; X. I& Q  x! b5 g* z恳求付帐  9 u3 f) f+ f! i
to solicit payment 

+ O6 [# _  \3 ~+ n0 |" N拖延付款 
% @7 V8 T& a  T+ K1 n! h% xto defer payment||to delay payment 
. H2 x. p$ f2 [" g2 J9 t
付款被拖延  4 I6 S0 u$ o: n8 m$ b8 {
to be in arrears with payment 

4 C5 K6 r' ]+ V" ]3 s还债  ) M1 R) d- ]% q
to discharge 

4 U* K, J4 E9 d& f, v迅速付款  ) x7 `1 k! V; l% m+ h# F% u3 P  K
to pay promptly 
, K& D$ x2 [( o# o7 y& h
付款相当迅速  3 p( c0 f. L3 D- M# x# H* a  _
to pay moderately well||to pay fairly well||to keep the engagements regularly
) _1 e0 ~( S2 J# r% h$ x
付款相当慢 
9 {) a0 V2 A7 Q2 ^7 `- p: D- ito pay slowly||to take extended credit 
6 y% N5 j& n) [6 J" Z
付款不好  1 l; Z6 f" j$ P1 h
to pay badly||to be generally in arrear with payments 

4 M9 a# H% H, q8 \: R6 y, d9 S付款颇为恶劣 
& o' [) o; s, B0 E1 |to pay very badly||to never pay unless forced 

: v, R" r2 o; L7 x2 _. |拒绝付款  * x, A6 O& q+ B% V: }
to refuse payment||to refuse to pay||to dishonour a bill 
# V+ Q; h+ Y- `* V4 T
相信能收到款项 
' A  x# q2 g, Z- A; Y" d; HWe shall look to you for the payment||We shall depend upon you for the payment ||We expect payment from you
0 r* P& j- q. h. P- D9 y% G; ?
惠请付款 
4 a6 S) H) M# D1 t# Gkindly pay the amount||please forward payment||please forward a cheque. 

$ l) A# u' z$ G2 u) v我将不得不采取必要步骤运用法律手段收回该项货款 
& D, Z2 c, Y/ \3 X! O* j! H% nI shall be obliged to take the necessary steps to legally recover the amount. ||I shall be compelled to take steps to enforce payment. 
6 P5 \3 w" E7 I+ A4 c' [- d6 [7 q
惠请宽限  2 B7 _* Q" H3 h0 r( J
let the matter stand over till then.||allow me a short extension of time. ||Kindly postpone the time for payment a little longer. 

- b8 K$ r/ f' |索取利息 
$ u) J( b% v- vto charge interest 

: Q/ B: C) c! u( `9 ~4 K& W# W7 z附上利息  & v# c5 s0 @5 m9 I
to draw interest||to bear interest||to allow interest 

" x% p, v! _* z/ ^( y! Y生息 
! b* K: ?( r7 L: Hto yield interest 
+ `: n& c6 x; C
生息3% 
# Z  Q  d* X+ y- ?' Qto yield 3% 
% \9 q5 Q- `  d4 W) e6 p
存款  ) l% P4 k  Z( l! f
to deposit in a bank||to put in a bank||to place on deposit||to make deposit 
* J4 L$ Y% C# Y" Q) M, z( u
在银行存款 
) o; c7 M& W( h" F9 tto have money in a bank||to have a bank account||to have money on deposit 

* C9 Y) o+ ~* m* g向银行提款 
% D1 V; g; ?  p: w' w: Yto withdraw one's deposit from a bank 
: r) x+ G4 x) h$ y& r  @7 \0 N
换取现金 
. _  W- r' x, u, ?. _" S4 E/ X, mto convert into money||to turn into cash||to realize 
6 H$ a! D2 f* e2 W) D, d
折扣用语 
- k# M( {0 O4 [0 ?6 l从价格打10%的折扣  ' {: U; m8 i+ a+ H, Q
to make a discount of 10% off the price||to make 10% discount off the price

( B, I$ e% s. {$ C; M/ p2 O7 e打折扣购买 0 Q  O0 [9 V" d. ^
to buy at a discount 

  P+ P' H- r& J9 l3 `打折扣出售  5 G' F" F% T0 r% q8 U% H
to sell at a discount 

/ z# V  [; u! t- b) @# z打折扣-让价  - ?1 l3 v0 Z# }6 c" i" }9 S9 B
to reduce||to make a reduction 

' S1 m" f' h8 x3 R* s减价 
( }! ^* n% x9 M) q% U! d7 Gto deduct||to make a deduction 

; K! ~$ {8 h0 I* y' F- M! \8 L' y  @3 K回扣 
3 T# P: d1 G2 K$ Rto rebate 

- A( r: U* R4 o* v: @3 N# ]4 e现金折扣  * K8 ?' e# d: ^
cash discount 

5 x0 `0 Q: K, t( ^, z货到付款||现金提货  5 u1 v2 c6 A" e7 [5 }: q
cash on deliver (C.O.D.) 
' H7 @+ Z' f/ n* u
货到付现款  9 M) z3 v( j. v0 ]9 g7 S% W
cash on arrival 

" X3 k. S/ l1 y即时付款  - K* D! Y$ u4 s) d. {
prompt cash 

+ l+ Z* U; s8 b( d# F0 k4 P净价||最低价格付现  . l3 c' J; ~1 u% \1 s9 Z8 i* u
net cash 

1 s+ `% Y: V, J" p5 s5 `! @2 W! p现金付款  $ m0 {6 z$ j/ G+ x
ready cash 

+ y/ f% n, |9 J3 H8 H即期付款 
1 m5 M4 O! `) r  _  r5 pspot cash||cash down||cash on the nail 

( g: J0 ~% {# F  g  v" b- Y/ }凭单据付现款 
! l4 G/ |9 H9 a' L! [' R6 ?cash against documents 
* i8 a; \2 L1 E+ `5 a" S
凭提单付现款  ( i3 o2 P1 s9 |7 B: P
cash against bills of lading 

3 u4 p! v8 D! E5 e承兑交单  4 u+ V- U; ]0 z' A
documents against acceptance (D/A) 
5 ?- j! ~; M' x% [  R: \
付款交单  6 A2 t$ w$ m9 J3 j& L- ]  o4 c
documents against payment (D/P) 
A
3 u- M' g! @# K% L7 e3 w& ]3 }# i安全网 safety net
7 G$ `& ?# u' q" G3 s- L% N! i按可比口径 on comparable basis
- v6 k! {  A; F* `7 V( D按轻重缓急 to prioritize " q! |: G4 o) @6 M+ b& w9 c
暗补 implicit subsidy # b0 J/ B: L; q. Y! e8 i: i
暗亏 hidden loss
9 W9 H4 K' Y/ z3 \+ Q& B2 ^! U! z8 R  g. n6 M4 r& g. u
B 3 S: s/ o: m0 y1 y) m' M6 p
颁发营业执照 to license;to grant a licence to - t( o$ W5 W4 j+ Y7 n8 g! U& c3 k
办理存款业务 to take deposits
7 r- ?. Y2 M, S' Z% K% C7 {; v  }* {保护农民的生产积极性 to protect farmers’ incentive to produce " i, \" h4 d+ d. Q1 g
备付金(超额准备金) excess reserves 4 w2 Q, X6 c, I
本外币并账 consolidation of domestic and foreign currency accounts
. G. W0 \8 g2 |. T/ a/ u; n本外币对冲操作 sterilization operation
* l3 x" }# x: K' _; `本位利益 localized interest; departmentalism ; n/ P' E/ y7 u6 ^3 W. F# o4 R
奔小康 to strive to prosper; to strive to become well-to-do
% D9 E9 ?, k8 t/ C避税(请见“逃税”) tax avoidance
* m9 j  e% H( {8 h币种搭配不当 currency mismatch
  a3 a5 \4 |' E8 B; D% d币种构成 currency composition + e" A! r0 n5 e! q* y/ K, J/ }
变相社会集资 disguised irregular(or illegal) fund raising
. x% u9 h- I" [( D: Q5 r7 q表外科目(业务) off-balance-sheet items(operation) 5 I  a4 e3 {- N* d
薄弱环节 weaknesses; loopholes
) Q  \' ^, c8 p9 x- t( D, T不变成本 fixed cost
% J" V; b" I' i/ {+ Q$ J不变价 at constant price; in real terms % k& S) O7 T% Y4 P
不动产 real estate
% M/ M- ]* h* M, P: L不良贷款(资产) problem loans;non-performing loans(assets)* s  G% _" H& f$ O
& \$ J3 U$ s( G+ N1 d
C 2 V* f- d# ]# Y! c* g3 `3 Q
财务公司 finance companies
& x2 p) T2 I/ P4 Q/ q! r财政赤字 fiscal deficit
/ n6 Y# _' ]0 L) m" [% ]财政挤银行 fiscal pressure on the central bank(over monetary policy) 1 y) D* u; q2 U' t7 J
财政政策与货币政策的配合 coordination of fiscal and monetary policies 5 U- C* R$ P3 W6 {. E. B$ c
采取循序渐进的方法 in a phased and sequenced manner 2 M/ Y& Q6 ~" r0 S9 j
操作弹性 operational flexibility
. d% A% |2 W4 F- q# L; l操纵汇率 to manipulate exchange rate ; ?0 e' _* _8 c+ S2 a" k
产品构成 product composition; product mix
, F% E$ Z; G! I; W; z* ]! Y产品积压 stock pile; excessive inventory
7 E$ u6 C6 Z8 B/ v产销率 current period inventory;(即期库存,不含前期库存)sales/output ratio 4 c# l$ Q' h+ r
产销衔接 marketability
) O: Z# r6 p8 A; K* ]$ L- y产业政策 industrial policy - d4 l& V  j' A4 R7 g
长期国债 treasury bonds 5 S6 V! X4 h, F
敞口头寸 open position
& a7 w: ^$ n5 W* v4 u: u炒股 to speculate in the stock market
6 \' C4 d" k, Q/ K3 N- z承购包销 underwrite(securities) ; n( _  H: V, ~. i% n% N2 f) ~
成套机电产品 complete sets of equipment; complete plant(s) $ {' E. t4 h5 f. _1 |* y5 t( ^
城市信用社 urban credit cooperatives(UCCs) " V, e- w: L% o; i# h6 F6 ?
城市合作银行 urban cooperative banks; municipal united banks ( }5 X8 O' A$ G
城市商业银行 municipal commercial banks % q/ z, L6 t5 H: q7 R6 q4 m) S3 |
城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅 real growth in household income
( }. ~0 A" |3 c  t持续升温 persistent overheating # U) y8 c* h. P
重复布点 duplicate projects
" u4 w+ C3 b9 [重置成本 replacement cost 8 Y$ c1 u9 w+ ?6 i' G9 Q  a
重组计划 restructuring plan 4 y. }" U. W7 j8 U" r
筹资渠道 funding sources; financing channels
: O6 y9 c1 L) u$ C( K! a3 |初见成效 initial success   M8 j& }6 H: v$ ]* u
出口统一管理、归口经营 canalization of exports
" b' D2 I% O' ^. N出口退税 export tax rebate : d5 O4 [4 v. C
储蓄存款 household deposits(不完全等同于西方的savings deposits,前者包括活期存款,后者不包括。)
' m# v. j8 s! ~8 n+ Y储蓄分流 diversion of household deposits ( B& i6 k9 _, `* ?6 v6 B# I
储源萎缩 decline in the availability of household savings
& p- V1 ]4 P  `) q( I/ }传导机制 transmission mechanism
8 f7 L. v# L$ \0 C5 ?) u从价税 ad valorem tax
" x4 K! g. }+ j7 p; C; ^从紧控制 tight control
% r( R3 j( ^& s) a# m. G存贷款比例 loan/deposit ratio % q- z9 {3 [! u0 ?7 D& ~
存款保险体系 deposit insurance system
8 i( u; u9 n$ ^: M; q存款货币银行 deposit money banks
; R' E5 c1 I: z% C9 ^存款准备金 required reserves
9 \! `$ k3 h# r- r
, E& {2 X0 i$ I8 ]2 @3 r, MD 1 R- X4 Q3 i1 ~3 N
打白条 issue IOU
0 t4 \, C% H1 E/ {2 q; T$ m/ a大额存单 certificate of deposit(CD)
9 c2 h! @* y9 I6 g大额提现 withdraw deposits in large amounts
. b* B& R8 L" F% n; v7 J大面积滑坡 wide-spread decline 9 i$ x- M2 w8 Z* Z9 }
大一统的银行体制 (all-in-one)mono-bank system 3 R8 @1 U0 [1 V/ {' k  T7 c8 J
呆账(请见“坏账”) bad loans
# f$ ~  B. B  u5 a呆账准备金 loan loss reserves(provisions)
5 i+ w* {6 b$ y% L7 v呆滞贷款 idle loans
2 Z+ x' _5 o  M+ w8 m: G7 V4 b5 ~2 g& O贷款沉淀 non-performing loans - ^% d0 ]6 x, \/ m% h7 O2 a
贷款分类 loan classification
3 |; X. N2 B' W: @1 |9 j0 u贷款限额管理 credit control; to impose credit ceiling
; }  f- [0 T) ]- E' O1 f- f贷款约束机制 credit disciplinary(constraint)mechanism " T+ j# p* h! U) G( n6 h9 T  J
代理国库 to act as fiscal agent - D1 m! R, c, q( m
代理金融机构贷款 make loans on behalf of other institutions
" ~5 P' K$ r5 f, y( }戴帽贷款 ear-marked loans
$ e7 z- F1 B- W+ P) V/ ?倒逼机制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition 0 Z: E7 ]( B1 F4 f
道德风险 moral hazard ( t  s$ r6 n" N4 b* m
地区差别 regional disparity
4 L* |3 @+ \% `$ K第一产业 the primary industry * v/ Z+ }- y8 X0 v
第二产业 the secondary industry
  Z: f7 a" o7 [/ P! H2 J第三产业 the service industry; the tertiary industry
2 h. g; t$ H4 w' ?" B递延资产 deferrable assets
2 r$ T2 @* w& R- O' D  _( i6 c. M订货不足 insufficient orders   B! u9 p1 P1 R8 Q! {
定期存款 time deposits 9 h# Q; v9 O* E  h6 C& x
定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources 9 B$ Q# {! l! H9 K
东道国(请见“母国”) host country + i) _/ L" u8 _
独立核算 independent accounting 7 U* q) H- @& S0 ]8 ~
短期国债 treasury bills 1 z5 x4 }1 K# c3 _6 Q5 ?8 @
对冲操作 sterilization operation; hedging 2 P( W, L( n+ L5 S
对非金融部门债权 claims on non-financial sector
' C; _; Q' s# F多种所有制形式 diversified ownership
8 j- a/ j. l: v, h1 Z( M8 I/ I8 V8 r! q- H
E
4 C. y' X0 L0 [$ s恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation
. G+ t/ `7 [6 T7 j0 q7 W6 s二级市场 secondary market 9 Y5 z: c2 y8 ?# N, w/ J
' l  N/ H* M: _* }  `
F
+ O. d- \: K5 `  T发行货币 to issue currency
, _! N8 y# q- u发行总股本 total stock issue - x( n* h; @- I2 x# ]: ?. ?
法定准备金 required reserves; reserve requirement
" u# h5 @4 N: S: {法人股 institutional shares
" p. L. y& R7 u法人股东 institutional shareholders   B" F" K7 Y' k0 h' ]% N
法治 rule of law 6 e8 A  E" |: [% Z! x
房地产投资 real estate investment
* ^$ |' o; t: l放松银根 to ease monetary policy ! K- U+ C: C. ?* r8 z% @+ O
非现场稽核 off-site surveillance(or monitoring)
* f0 Y' S; |0 u& f8 h8 S非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions
) v# v3 }3 C2 m& p7 m非赢利性机构 non-profit organizations
2 s( d  K- f2 X9 ]! T分税制 assignment of central and local taxes; tax assignment system
+ t( b6 q2 p6 K; P& l分业经营 segregation of financial business(services);division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions . U8 `/ \+ e/ {/ b4 \6 N
风险暴露(风险敞口) risk exposure
( w( t' F* d4 U, n风险管理 risk management
2 ^6 ]9 L( ]2 ^8 k3 d" o( I风险意识 risk awareness # `9 d  {2 z1 X0 D
风险资本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios
( @% J6 V  c* }: W风险资本标准 risk-based capital standard
  T" w2 i0 P. _# r服务事业收入 public service charges; user’s charges
  p+ X: I6 q% V' U扶贫 poverty alleviation ) [) B" K/ [( P6 l* h+ Y
负增长 negative growth 9 f9 n! M1 R  D; W2 l
复式预算制 double-entry budgeting; capital and current budgetary account
4 e) A  ^  K7 o4 z4 L. D# s8 L! {+ H8 M5 c! l2 C. C+ a
G
3 m& u- q" |$ h% k- u改革试点 reform experimentation 5 ?9 ~& s+ u. q# k2 R' @* D; u9 h9 ]
杠杆率 leverage ratio
2 i) P$ e+ x! q: ~% E" |7 R1 n9 H杠杆收购 leveraged buyout 6 T/ J8 T# C' j/ y8 l
高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest
& C! L% ^4 ?$ J- ^9 d" I9 s+ z3 M个人股 non-institutional shares
: R; H  \1 ?) u$ U3 S根本扭转 fundamental turnaround(or reversal)
6 C2 G+ m. P2 A# u/ e1 q6 N+ @公开市场操作 open market operations 4 c4 v; P8 ^1 b" S: i9 i" h2 p
公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts
4 {0 d1 [( Y, T公用事业 public utilities & G; N( B4 E: P, _' _
公有经济 the state-owned sector; the public sector
! N6 u& e5 m  n9 |6 k8 X公有制 public ownership
4 F) r" w: Q4 z' v+ L4 p工业成本利润率 profit-to-cost ratio # W. h" ~  \6 C% B" s- X
工业增加值 industrial value added ' i( a. f: z; ]0 j
供大于求 supply exceeding demand; excessive supply % s+ Q) Q: e1 R) f' x% x) q) C
鼓励措施 incentives ) z8 K" [. g; I4 r) i4 Z# c, N
股份合作企业 joint-equity cooperative enterprises ' R9 K' W9 l: Q; t6 Y* F) {
股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises
6 n( Q2 Q2 E; P, N股份制银行 joint-equity banks
$ l. P& E$ ?5 R5 r7 E固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans
& Q0 Y/ c9 J/ y关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption
* E9 w) F! I3 Q  G( S5 F7 X6 L关税减让 tariff concessions 0 i4 G  N# X: h" m, I! I1 ^2 K+ S
关税优惠 tariff incentives; preferential tariff treatment & h$ @. R/ `" u5 O% n
规范行为 to regularize(or standardize)…behavior 9 T0 O1 y+ O/ @
规模效益 economies of scale ! G. H. ?9 U/ b# H. g, m
国计民生 national interest and people's livelihood . t) x/ t/ ^3 V: A6 U  s3 h: G% D: u
国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals 0 f: L- t" Q, U$ x) _
国家风险 country risk $ w9 Y7 d- g( ^/ W, Q5 V4 c; F
国际分工 international division of labor 8 I+ N: M& e* D( Q! e
国际收支 balance of payments
# u5 d5 P! k# s国有独资商业银行 wholly state-owned commercial banks
+ w& p5 S1 b( J1 E* w' v1 a. C# C国有经济(部门) the state-owned(or public)sector ) t4 W! w) Y( m# M0 m4 G# `
国有企业 state-owned enterprises(SOEs) ' {1 t4 d& q6 t- W
国有制 state-ownership
7 l2 e) [, o) e% v7 F国有资产流失 erosion of state assets   T  S1 ?% g0 B- I+ }* [+ i- G1 \: _
国债回购 government securities repurchase
# w3 L: r9 g( d/ W国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities
* Y+ [+ G/ l5 i( k过度竞争 excessive competition : m: w% H4 M& O& ?" l
过度膨胀 excessive expansion . A  b0 p& R! c# r! E0 b0 A
过热迹象 signs of overheating ) Z( t9 R1 ~. z0 z' z1 O
4 p1 j! R6 u- J1 @' u7 z6 F  S
H 3 Q% H' j; Q, O! _
合理预期 rational expectation # i0 S: }. H! r/ s9 h
核心资本 core capital . O& P; ^( K8 z: [# P& y5 Z" A5 P
合资企业 joint-venture enterprises
+ N- J6 {( r: [& h* z红利 dividend 0 X& R# u5 I3 q* [2 f4 Q! E
宏观经济运营良好 sound macroeconomic performance
& V- P- W! P" C) X, G宏观经济基本状况 macroeconomic fundamentals   y' o+ @; @6 i+ J& c; ?! s
宏观调控 macroeconomic management(or adjustment)
4 l4 D; A. L3 R. @/ y, K( |宏观调控目标 macroeconomic objectives(or targets) 9 r4 q4 Y; ?( I5 b  }
坏账 bad debt
/ ?5 `+ |; g7 m* W+ n; x还本付息 debt service 9 A* _5 z* W5 m8 y
换汇成本 unit export cost; local currency cost of export earnings   v7 l' J3 L! {4 w
汇兑在途 funds in float + a/ Q" @/ M6 @' H. S
汇兑支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank
3 ^' t9 B% q; a) q2 x7 f5 R& y汇率并轨 unification of exchange rates
/ f, p9 c( I  s% v4 ^; ~( A活期存款 demand deposits 4 r# l! p7 X8 E
汇率失调 exchange rate misalignment
; F0 j5 W" S% k: E* h; z混合所有制 diversified(mixed)ownership 2 |' M% Q* ~6 {) H0 U* V& Z
货币政策态势 monetary policy stance 7 L, m* p' ?4 |
货款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers
基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure
4 P, b' H* _! `基本经济要素 economic fundamentals ; \" ~  u! N$ D. T# E: r# X; S
基本适度 broadly appropriate
& t- _/ Q6 G8 M3 C" U基准利率 benchmark interest rate
5 m- ]4 c, N' m& `) C机关团体存款 deposits of non-profit institutions 3 h$ k: ~; \1 h/ o1 l7 [9 n
机会成本 opportunity cost
$ Y: I/ z& }5 O2 F' x' i激励机制 incentive mechanism
% F  Q. C4 t  o- |( X# t1 ]  A积压严重 heavy stockpile; excessive inventory
  z, A. @. E3 t% Z; d挤提存款 run on banks 7 l6 w) ^3 Z4 c% g  H1 q4 u
挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of(financial)resources(from designated uses) ' L8 N( s; X' Y' ?
技改投资 investment in technological upgrading
$ j- ]9 Y+ n6 ?: V7 H7 U: [技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product + D3 O) P! o0 K; U9 u+ o  K
计划单列市 municipalities with independent planning status 0 x. H: {  y, Z- `" s: `5 k
计划经济 planned economy
  M2 t! j8 g5 {  Z集体经济 the collective sector
: t! ^. [- l8 R1 a  H8 B加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment * u4 B% C  X& T) [3 o1 i
加工贸易 processing trade 6 F9 D/ g5 H* @5 L3 E0 I- o& I
加快态势 accelerating trend ) G8 |# n9 }. B
加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration . u6 s8 l2 ?$ G6 _" t0 m
加权价 weighted average price
' x/ |+ ]% [5 K  B$ x' X价格放开 price liberalization ; f+ ^  a! V+ k. V3 M0 c
价格形成机制 pricing mechanism ' C& v7 b0 T1 K' |7 n+ v3 j! R
减亏 to reduce losses
" U# J  W, O9 o) J0 N简化手续 to cut red tape; to simplify(streamline)procedures
% u7 m- f& w" b) r6 g交投活跃 brisk trading
- Y' F& }) W$ l, ~. p! {; |, g缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves 1 e8 d. Q  w$ C$ M/ q
结构扭曲 structural distortion . B8 U, Q+ p. s; v, r
结构失调 structural imbalance , V9 S, V- }4 z. `6 |
结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance
) }- z: y& K" d$ X$ ]; S结构优化 structural improvement(optimization)
1 n; E& }8 F( j  Y3 w结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign exchange 0 s. ]4 v$ L7 l7 W" a5 T. I" @
金融脆弱 financial fragility
% Y) _, s; M, \, \9 B& k金融动荡 financial turbulence , X- P' ]6 O! ^! ?9 z& _
金融风波 financial disturbance ; p' p$ P# l0 ^, v* t! a
金融恐慌 financial panic
$ z2 A6 o% w6 P0 W金融危机 financial crisis 6 F2 f1 `: c# U1 x
金融压抑 financial repression
& j5 ?$ F7 W: ?6 [" j% ]金融衍生物 financial derivatives * U( \7 `  N; ^( ^8 }4 ^' F8 R' \  v! \
金融诈骗 financial fraud 2 \3 Z) ]5 ?6 e2 H  E
紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy 4 B3 E, R. e$ {4 a6 U
紧缩政策 austerity policies; tight financial policies 5 H( r! \- V7 k' x% `
经常账户可兑换 current account convertibility % w8 V  J$ H5 v8 Z# m3 U
经济特区 special economic zones(SEZs) - q6 h* q2 i$ M+ C3 t7 T
经济体制改革 economic reform
' \; k: r, W, ~" V& b3 Y经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth(from investment expansion to efficiency gains)
/ o6 D# q5 i) {5 G经济增长减速 economic slowdown; moderation in economic growth : i$ K% a, \; v/ ~1 b1 j, E0 ^+ h, q
经济制裁 economic sanction
9 d: J& m$ p9 `4 v+ U经营自主权 autonomy in management
8 G  J! V! p7 c4 y& H# g2 H景气回升 recovery in business activity : }6 s/ T0 d! [2 C6 i% s
境外投资 overseas investment ' ?% J+ x/ q- N; I7 R  F) f
竞争加剧 intensifying competition   l* a- Y$ n) ]6 @
局部性金融风波 localized(isolated)financial disturbance
6 a* v* l( n# M: }$ g) [! K$ k) x* |2 W' ?2 W
K
; E9 W  I" }/ m/ }3 ~! M开办人民币业务 to engage in RMB business 2 N9 y3 a$ B3 G3 u  K* L5 s
可维持(可持续)经济增长 sustainable economic growth * L; v5 B; M7 Y0 Q) G) _3 q
可变成本 variable cost : \/ ~/ ?+ Y1 A) T
可自由兑换货币 freely convertible currency ' a' w1 g" |' ?
控制现金投放 control currency issuance
+ a( P8 R2 B+ h& D扣除物价因素 in real terms; on inflation-adjusted basis ' j0 e1 U8 v# ]0 D, ?- }/ T  N
库存产品 inventory 9 D/ C+ I) y* P5 {
跨国银行业务 cross-border banking
2 ^5 h! }$ x/ }8 M  L跨年度采购 cross-year procurement
, M# f$ u. g+ q! ^4 X- I会计准则 accounting standard ( _8 Y: ^- Y+ t4 A

  ], c# K. E  R0 @5 F9 x. }. ~/ p3 EL , Q# o0 Z4 Y5 z) x) k9 a3 q$ C8 j
来料加工 processing of imported materials for export # p0 |3 ?) \  O0 ~, C$ y
离岸银行业务 off-shore banking(business)
, C2 f) H( @+ b% r3 d( e理顺外贸体制 to rationalize foreign trade regime & ~1 n) r2 ]* `7 Q7 b# t" P
利率杠杆的调节作用 the role of interest rates in resource allocation 4 E" L! D) H# W2 |9 Z2 S; R
利润驱动 profit-driven , ]- Y- S7 T% J1 v
利息回收率 interest collection ratio
" g8 s, a- r. h8 C% P: {+ O8 t: }联行清算 inter-bank settlement 4 V* v! S( K" `  e
连锁企业 franchise(businesses);chain businesses
$ l5 W2 |* t/ o$ u( E/ I7 S6 ?& c  {( ^良性循环 virtuous cycle
+ w: s4 N; }1 {, }两极分化 growing income disparity; polarization in income distribution / M* n! @" p  F0 ?( [' y1 g
零售物价指数 retail price index(RPI) 4 U9 ?/ l. p& T9 o9 {7 a0 \
流动性比例 liquidity ratio $ i$ Y3 Z7 t$ u) x( F! k
流动资产周转率/流通速度 velocity of liquid assets * T7 e' I$ T* o6 e( r
流动资金贷款 working capital loans 6 m$ H: }9 E' B! q5 \9 z
流通体制 distribution system 6 q/ w/ c7 g; ~6 T3 F) E
流通网络 distribution network 4 U5 m% J" q2 c: D3 P5 c
留购(租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物) hire purchase
7 E% r  r$ W% `% [  q垄断行业 monopolized industry(sector) + u# Z( S( P  M0 \( f# S
乱集资 irregular(illegal)fund raising 2 W/ h. {; c8 o5 V* S# B# b/ m& \4 _
乱收费 irregular(illegal)charges
& n" k& `% B9 w4 I& O: r乱摊派 unjustified(arbitrary)levies ) X% [1 m/ _5 ]) d
3 o4 h( t% y" h: D7 v( v" B  k
M ' @& e2 [* ]5 h9 U5 f
买方市场 buyer's market
/ q$ ]5 g" S) j' Q% C5 h卖方市场 seller's market % @% {9 g; R4 X" ~
卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo
. c7 B( I! l$ O2 @贸易差额 trade balance 2 V6 Y3 ?* E, f7 q- Y# C
民间信用 non-institutionalized credit 1 o9 T) }- r+ L! H0 T
免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years of making profit and 50% tax reduction for the following three years - c0 u8 G' |3 S6 W' J3 m, X
明补 explicit subsidy
- f2 \# q# M" M明亏 explicit loss
( ~+ l3 l$ }& ?名牌产品 brand products
1 h2 |4 r1 ^8 O7 B母国(请见“东道国”) home country
" n  Z0 r8 h# b9 q) j4 s2 T0 E6 _8 B8 B7 W, ~: _
N $ D1 E% ?0 z. G' j, b' s# l8 w$ H
内部控制 internal control
+ j  ?) x9 N6 K: c+ g: E% d内部审计 internal audit
$ Z# A' I0 d8 ~# }0 K内地与香港 the mainland and Hong Kong   C* ]: a' V! \1 M. E
内债 domestic debt
+ Y) t# p! J6 v$ m7 U; p$ w3 c扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one
* q3 w; A9 @2 I/ D- ~9 R扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources
- o8 L" @" w) s  L; E农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement & g* b6 c, z1 S; V- N$ W" q
农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives(RCCs)
$ C5 Z% ^1 \0 V4 d* V3 q: {) ~, F
" N! f7 }5 |# E' B- b$ n+ y* sP
  {2 k$ o/ e. }& Y  A+ J1 _* x泡沫效应 bubble effect $ u% B, H, N$ a4 \5 C( B; `, t/ ~
泡沫经济 bubble economy : @2 S3 c% R- q  q4 ]0 {
培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth 5 a$ |0 U7 O" v9 L
片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth 9 U7 E' g+ N: h# q. j2 F
平衡发展 balanced development
( }# `7 j( q7 _# c& f" q$ R瓶颈制约 bottleneck(constraints)
  K2 x( @; s; ?" y  z% K9 T" H( ^平稳回升 steady recovery ! ]  [  E* k# e3 e5 R
铺底流动资金 initial(start-up)working capital
' ~2 f- k& x  S1 r' P普遍回升 broad-based recovery $ i9 o' E& m) z1 \+ Q* R+ e6 K
配套改革 concomitant(supporting)reforms , W3 T9 }9 {3 r% G* r1 m  g
配套人民币资金 local currency funding of… ) m- h* n- \  z  E7 U
( I0 {7 i$ c1 B$ l2 _" v
Q
* z; G9 Q' K3 h企业办社会 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities
( \# d! E0 S% t& q) C9 v0 q企业集团战略 corporate group strategy   I; V+ u+ a" K  `2 _# S8 J
企业兼并重组 company merger and restructuring ( r2 U6 T5 N. L3 E, _0 h/ Q
企业领导班子 enterprise management
" _( Z: E) V6 X; Q, z0 ~企业所得税 enterprise(corporate)income tax
; K& u9 d3 ~" L企业效益 corporate profitability & N) S. B0 f1 l+ q( e4 t
企业资金违规流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market
3 w7 S3 f8 a( }. C欠税 tax arrears : A& ]$ `1 F: T7 R
欠息 overdue interest ' k- O, C: g4 c0 d  a( z2 J
强化税收征管 to strengthen tax administration 4 T2 Q7 O5 M+ m9 n
强制措施 enforcement action
1 J! H( D4 I  f0 z8 J5 p0 o翘尾因素 carryover effect 2 B8 G/ ~- C1 i: T
切一刀 partial application 3 x  o1 e+ u. O( g
清理收回贷款 clean up and recover loans 3 Z: V0 i. k2 W: ^5 D
(破产)清算 liquidation 3 L; R5 i1 ?" \8 M. f- c- K
倾斜政策 preferential policy ' s2 S! Y' d  ~0 D' E, g2 e8 D
区别对待 differential treatment
) H; R' @4 D; S% d2 U趋势加强 intensifying trend 7 q6 N7 a0 I+ O
全球化 globalization
' Q8 t5 |1 `) K6 f权益回报率 returns on equity(ROE)
& Z3 P1 |0 \9 v( [8 @; @5 \缺乏后劲 unsustainable momentum
! N2 x8 H8 c4 d# x; k* S' S# O( \1 i0 e6 M. O; g+ L9 C8 q
R * V. ~* R! w' V: J
绕规模贷款 to circumvent credit ceiling 2 E% g$ U4 t! Y6 Q) g
人均国内生产总值 per capita GDP
9 Q4 H7 t- ^! F6 R5 K# _: u# t人均收入 per capita income , j  ?& U2 e3 W0 G5 o2 U  m
人民币升值压力 upward pressure on the Renminbi(exchange rate) ( o# G2 {: U. Y3 R* I( k, a
认缴资本 subscribed capital
% G1 R1 M: ~6 x软贷款 soft loans 6 Y' c# A: x" M- q& X
软预算约束 soft budget constraint # ]  x: _  m) J' S2 V: U0 L( u
软着陆 soft landing: @+ C' F& d# Y5 |

1 U% q0 a$ ~6 s" y2 WS
% `. Q8 {: T$ Q+ z三角债 chain debts;inter-enterprise arrears
+ T/ Z  b% J+ L2 C4 ?- F善政廉政 good governance
. B1 r4 ]) n4 x' m, H商业贷款 commercial loans * r2 i) X) U% H: n) ^6 s" S( m
上市公司 (publicly)listed corporations
- N4 z9 t' ^8 _- [7 S+ S设备利用 capacity utilization ; m' _, W% x% D) \& q7 V: D
社会保障 social safety net; social security(insurance)
- n! ^- h, ]! t4 r深层次矛盾 deep-rooted structural imbalance
4 t2 b) F  Z: F% k! A: b( b8 x审批金融机构 to license financial institutions
0 _! \! ], j5 H  n- ?审慎监管 prudential supervision
/ l: d( o2 [1 @/ {2 i生产能力闲置 unutilized capacity ' ]4 D8 k; V$ I; D7 K
生息资产 interest-bearing assets
2 c3 ]/ b* M7 T& o/ u实际利用外资 disbursement of foreign capital; actual inflow of foreign investment 5 t8 {$ Z) R* [6 @' O
实际有效汇率 real effective exchange rate
. r( D# N, w7 ?% W实时 real time
( m" _" k0 Y9 F  l实收资本 paid-in capital
, |9 i( t9 D- @, z0 D7 a( a实现利润 realized profit 7 H$ I9 H5 E+ m) {9 P# T0 Q
市场分割 market segmentation 3 s0 T9 f4 T# @& O2 e0 Z2 d) x9 r
市场经济 market economy : y6 C* @& Q1 N
市场占有率(市场份额) market share
! ?0 I# X$ L. G; C) }8 j  C市场准入 market access(指商品和劳务的进入);market entry(指机构的审批)
. X6 e, [, l- Q市价总值 market capitalization 1 n6 d* \8 C( J5 C1 I" q" s
适度从紧 appropriately tight 5 ]2 Z$ `: c" o4 C& {
适时调节 timely adjustment
0 M/ b- D' [$ X4 q  X  M6 V收回对金融机构贷款 to recall central bank loans (to financial institutions)
+ k" L1 D& O5 @) t6 q4 d6 ~$ R税后还贷 amortization(repayment of loans)after tax
( @; }1 v5 A6 z( l" m& i税收流失 tax erosion
5 E+ F% q9 ]7 d0 l$ P1 h% R9 g7 a税源不足 weak tax base ) v5 f" r2 z+ L6 n8 q+ F
私营经济(私人经济) the private sector & a( D4 P1 e' U# f
私有制 private ownership
; X5 Y# Y7 V# E0 {# U所有者权益 owner's equity
' u( h6 t& e9 ~+ O8 A8 e  G* d, p# ?, X) G. \; T  R" Y+ m. B( ^
T * C& G$ Y; t# R5 r& x. G9 K# v* v- W
逃税(请见“避税”) tax evasion
, ]  L( P8 s1 J& R) \套汇 (1)指合法:currency swap; arbitrage(2)指非法:illegal purchase of foreign exchange 7 D5 q) g8 u- q- z6 X  A
剔除季节性因素 seasonally adjusted
5 `6 s( b, }" R. k8 j调节流动性 to influence liquidity level : S/ q* t& g% k2 n! G0 u
贴现窗口 discount window " P) z  y6 Y) E" U' [8 o# ?
同比 on year-on-year basis; over the same period of the previous year
0 c- h7 j4 |9 r9 D* d# @3 }& l0 Y同业拆借(放) inter-bank borrowing(lending)
7 N& L7 P; j& |) C同业拆借市场利率(中国) CHIBOR(China inter-bank offered rate) : z7 b6 s. A$ T; r7 _4 f& i
同业融通票据 inter-bank financing bills
. ~+ e( I. Y9 G, o/ u! b同业往来 inter-bank transactions   d' V6 D* x( P# N' N/ o6 j- U$ S
透支 overdraft ' K4 Q" O! z- h) {7 B+ m: ]8 K
退税 tax refund(rebate) 5 b- R- k  H( p9 I! r- f4 X1 o
头寸 position
# C/ n. j1 s5 C吞吐基础货币 adjustment of monetary base
  O- L; }  y0 N7 g( x脱媒现象 disintermediation
; U# q; l8 W' `  V/ m& t! Z9 k: }5 V

" q# F5 _1 l0 `, \外部审计 external audit ) ^, h' ~5 U) B5 z
外国直接投资 foreign direct investment (FDI)
0 l9 V! }- [+ l! G' W1 X外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves / W5 s7 p# ?6 h2 s
外汇调剂 foreign exchange swap
" v$ k: ^. r! W  b4 G外汇占款 the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves; the RMB equivalent of official foreign exchange holdings 5 s$ S( c  J3 @% O& I
外向型经济 export-oriented economy
5 C6 c- k9 f* ?6 p6 T外债 external debt $ P- }- @- @: Y. l4 S
外资企业 foreign-funded enterprises
9 V# l: e" P' v* ?9 [完善现代企业制度 to improve the modern enterprise system 7 a" c  K$ J; ~8 N( Q' U( E- c
完税凭证 tax payment documentation
$ ^( T1 |0 E0 _7 H# E违法经营 illegal business
; @! ^: x* X- ^- p委托存款 entrusted deposits
7 ~+ r4 p9 [: g" K' i稳步增长 steady growth & `+ F4 V, t$ d
稳健的银行系统 a sound banking system
" y  X+ L2 z/ H- g  Z稳中求进 to make progress while ensuring stability 9 I& O) J* g7 q& p  X6 [. o
无纸交易 book-entry(or paperless/script less)transaction 0 m* \3 P) O! ~) k9 E$ v; ]
物价监测 price monitoring
吸纳流动性 to absorb liquidity 9 ?; n5 c7 C5 c. c* h
稀缺经济 scarcity economy - J% k; C) h* r# x5 a4 b' k0 B% R
洗钱 money laundering
9 u& K4 t0 e! H2 ?% A系统内调度 fund allocation within a bank & H$ ^2 J1 a# g
系统性金融危机 systemic financial crisis 5 f6 g" W% l% `' r+ {
下岗工人 laid-off employees
1 |$ E" g& J9 T  l+ s. n  @8 z下游企业 down-stream enterprises 7 q* t7 m7 ~: {" o  A
现场稽核 on-site examination / Y* X1 p0 b  t& N: [& e4 w, C+ _
现金滞留(居民手中) cash held outside the banking system 0 O- a+ ^4 q' a- K4 U. ?+ G
乡镇企业 township and village enterprises(TVEs)
) h/ a* I8 m1 l8 m2 M0 B消费物价指数 consumer price index(CPI)
* E7 N  h; R) u1 e, R9 B$ h) B3 ^消费税 excise(consumption)tax ( `; Y' r' V5 a' c+ [+ r5 i
消灭财政赤字 to balance the budget; to eliminate fiscal deficit # s# ?* E1 |, r1 n
销货款回笼 reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system
( w& |3 F. U; }8 o* I0 K8 C! ?销售平淡 lackluster sales $ G: t" A& @% ~: {8 \; ]" x' s
协议外资金额 committed amount of foreign investment   ]) }; Q' `4 G4 S* i$ D/ a
新经济增长点 new sources of economic growth # @% r2 u3 ^" F; Y! v
新开工项目 new projects; newly started projects ! m8 i* @7 |8 V+ R% B4 }9 f
新增贷款 incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion
8 y$ {- m( f4 {* _" C5 G新增就业位置 new jobs; new job opportunities
: U3 W" T# z3 w" B信贷规模考核 review the compliance with credit ceilings
' G+ e* A/ z8 R% I7 o# ~0 @: k# F信号失真 distorted signals ' E. H, l/ V" h" ?: X' o
信托投资公司 trust and investment companies 3 i  R5 e# a# ^! a5 y/ F. W  g
信息不对称 information asymmetry ; k' q; M" Y# T
信息反馈 feedback(information)
, P$ [8 m" Z, k: J8 c信息共享系统 information sharing system
1 h9 S/ p7 B( H+ L信息披露 information disclosure 0 C, L* E  c. T1 ]" i' S; X: I
信用扩张 credit expansion ; s: n7 b, R6 Q: s* `; O
信用评级 credit rating
+ }, o: a5 d( t7 s6 X& a6 n" T6 v姓“资”还是姓“社” pertaining to socialism or capitalism; socialist orcaptialist * ~  J6 ~! _* I" J2 ~2 {
行政措施 administrative measures
" i; J0 N, c4 K. v( S9 T需求膨胀 demand expansion; excessive demand
# M7 I) h- W; p1 ~虚伪存款 window-dressing deposits
7 q$ a( Z* d7 |削减冗员 to shed excess labor force / N" {3 S% I; h0 r' a. g
寻租 rent seeking 7 Q  S( c5 U$ K" z: k$ l+ {& m! F
迅速反弹 quick rebound
( }. H* }$ J4 c1 O6 _* l$ s7 v- k, S/ ?) x9 y
Y
3 w% F5 l: S# k" \养老基金 pension fund - l+ \* P' Z, v: P  `4 l
一刀切 universal application; on-discretionary implementation
# Q2 w0 X2 X7 Z3 @, p' _6 T一级市场 primary market ) k5 |5 \  U( s1 p, W2 ?
应收未收利息 overdue interest
6 m# @  @& ]2 [: t# `; I1 D" W银行网点 banking outlets 2 k! s# P* F; A
赢利能力 profitability
7 o$ V- ^5 ^- S+ P- S营业税 business tax . H/ F& l9 x: a; B5 \4 t8 p6 `
硬贷款(商业贷款) commercial loans
' f& \" I, ?: @! \5 ~+ L: b用地审批 to grant land use right
8 D  P% e" ?. G有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
! k# b6 q( Z; a证券投资 portfolio investment
& w- B" m6 h/ K" `游资(热钱) hot money
3 m/ `# M" q* M6 R/ m! z有市场的产品 marketable products
! V( u! I2 B9 T/ ^9 }. [  O有效供给 effective supply
* P3 s0 q( i* x: W! V9 u诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion 9 E% U# h" k! M8 t# D
逾期贷款 overdue loans; past-due loans
# A5 I1 i7 e2 _/ m. E与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted - D" ^8 Z" q, P( q. I
与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market ( {; B! W$ B3 \& N7 C: C
预算外支出(收入) off-budget (extra-budgetary) expenditure(revenue) $ A9 n  r5 B+ F5 _
预调 pre-emptive adjustment
, ]7 J$ n4 y/ }: J6 [8 w月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis5 U  Q+ `. k% ^: `( ^$ M
. g) @& |% d( E4 p3 E
Z ) S% }( Q" l1 M9 |6 i
再贷款 central bank lending
4 Q5 P, O+ A, f  a3 E6 w; B在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions : g, B9 H# E2 w1 Q( h
在人行存款 deposits at (with) the central bank
+ ~# e. I3 _; l1 @* @4 V3 K: J在途资金 fund in float ( T) P' i) y; e: i+ f2 l
增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
% _7 f$ ^$ c$ r& V. ?增势减缓 deceleration of growth; moderation of growth momentum 3 J) f* X6 ~5 e; Z3 i# o
增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures + \0 |% A- R' c
增长平稳 steady growth + M3 p* S7 A7 g! Z7 ^4 u+ g8 i
增值税 value-added tax(VAT) 9 w* o' U9 _; j. o
涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate; excessive growth " p0 F& \2 S6 I$ S- J$ H0 r4 H6 c
账外账 concealed accounts 2 z" `9 U. o! m" B1 T; _# [9 ]
折旧 depreciation
! G5 j5 S! y0 }! D7 @, Z整顿 retrenchment; consolidation
" |" U  I3 c" `政策工具 policy instrument
1 ?( c2 Y- u7 V政策性业务 policy-related operations & V) T4 B# e9 l* j% f$ D; ?. G
政策性银行 policy banks 4 L- N( z0 J+ h/ m, [' ]4 ~3 B
政策组合 policy mix   O1 t% h( L) _- l$ \
政府干预 government intervention
$ t2 n7 I& C7 f" ~证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions " H/ ]. Y3 {3 ^; h, L$ D
证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
% O* j5 N* o0 T7 \/ j0 T1 d4 @( A3 {支付困难 payment difficulty
0 A  Q" ?5 _/ ?6 s2 _0 b" c6 p支付能力 payment capacity
% u! Z( Q) {! \, Q, ?7 c9 p# ^8 z直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments 0 v# }: G7 ^& h& D
间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
. D' p6 d0 B; q/ Q) i' d职业道德 professional ethics
+ u1 J/ n: ^% M2 g% B指令性措施 mandatory measures
$ S! I5 K" c" x) H: q指令性计划 mandatory plan; administered plan
  q- b, ]. Z, M& m制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy; to formulate and implement monetary policy - i6 t  i& F- d- H
滞后影响 lagged effect , T7 e4 X( Q1 F; l
中介机构 intermediaries
- W- i0 i& R; K3 L: G% e中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities 7 D, o: P! f8 W. h; {
分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects; key investment project 9 _7 o, w* N4 n0 U
周期谷底 bottom(trough)of business cycle * Z3 r. a9 M% P# |2 G+ G
周转速度 velocity
: }  `2 F7 v( P: B" d: p% r1 V5 y- a主办银行 main bank
3 `/ U" D. Y" Q+ F! ?& u$ K0 Q! G主权风险 sovereign risk / R8 j) ^1 b) u- W' U( F1 O- B
注册资本 registered capital ; |0 @9 ~4 H& V. P$ E9 k9 U+ c$ z
逐步到位 to phase in; phased implementation
" x1 _: }* v3 t: P7 x( F逐步取消 to phase out 1 a5 f" F8 N( a3 [1 K3 ^
抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small(to maintain close oversight on the large state-owned enterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition)
. J& X# i! y% t9 S$ P6 @- ^  u专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
. j3 p' n- Q% _7 t( _7 I+ }转贷 on-lending - `* p% t) i  x
转轨经济 transition economy ! @+ a/ y0 F) A; e$ m( B8 w. V
转机 turnaround   J5 c! ?% a  e* o$ m
转折关头 turning point 4 y0 N: K3 s* X, Y
准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
; g, Y% M5 f4 @& m, ^- C准货币 quasi-money / Q) T; B3 `) s' K$ z( p7 D
资本不足 under-capitalized 6 R: U+ E" T& Y! s2 Q
资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
+ D# R  R6 F3 ?3 {/ ~& `资本利润率 return on capital 1 ?9 N# _8 J& Z4 W( ?/ x: l
资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility " ?4 K; G9 J" A
资不抵债 insolvent; insolvency 1 }- [! e5 M3 b% R# R
资产负债表 balance sheet
# ?, g6 p1 f+ R1 [) F& c7 a# Z资产负债率 liability/asset ratio; ratio of liabilities to assets * l" j5 b) J: ?$ \
资产集中 asset concentration 5 Y5 T8 ~- y0 e7 y/ ^3 i
资产贡献率 asset contribution factor 0 j4 e' t$ b' ]& C
资产利润率 return on assets (ROA)
0 c6 Y2 t% l4 B: S$ e资产质量 asset quality
+ b! R: r! G* g5 s9 V资产组合 asset portfolio
4 c2 q$ [7 I7 ~4 [) f% \7 U' c, B资金成本 cost of funding; cost of capital; financing cost
' a2 e5 s6 s. W/ N资金到位 fully funded (project)
- o9 t5 O" L! n' h3 R& a2 V# |资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds - B& f2 z- K% p8 F: q5 x, M
资金利用率 fund utilization rate
3 q+ i  N( o. M资金缺口 financing gap / j2 T: u! G0 E  g  A1 W+ L, W1 H
资金体外循环 financial disintermediation 5 q8 U7 Y4 S! l+ @& {
资金占压 funds tied up
1 R: i# a9 m  P4 J8 @; S自筹投资项目 self-financed projects , m9 B. B. O: ~" f' Y9 X
自有资金 equity fund
2 g' j9 F  x* I: _综合国力 overall national strength(often measured by GDP)
- W! H2 [1 O, v% ^' S3 L综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
) ?$ D( k( B) X' W综合治理 comprehensive adjustment(retrenchment);over-haul
8 q) k- x  y5 V+ e+ e总成交额 total contract value $ q# e3 O+ R$ S% Z' x6 H1 {
总交易量 total amount of transactions
1 R" Y, Y. h3 R& T; V总成本 total cost 1 p; {$ r8 q/ `9 u
最后贷款人 lender of last resort
acquiring company 收购公司
4 z1 ?3 E$ o, w) o, j5 T1 pbad loan 呆帐 # A% D" ^  Q, ~1 b, ?2 g
chart of cash flow 现金流量表
: n9 `2 J. y: e3 {! o  C( i, uclearly-established ownership 产权清晰
  R( i% Y# e$ |debt to equity 债转股
$ |8 W+ ~3 G* t9 I, a/ |diversity of equities 股权多元化 5 X0 F4 K# s8 c, M7 I9 I0 l9 x  A
economy of scale 规模经济 $ @* D- K0 [( c
emerging economies 新兴经济 ) P* u* o# D; \/ \2 H( z
exchange-rate regime 汇率机制 ; U+ i" q6 f. V# B# x; ~3 w
fund and financing 筹资融资
: E3 {9 g' S( c  Tglobal financial architecture 全球金融体系
8 A4 o* G1 z# R6 ]  uglobal integration, globality 全球一体化,全球化
3 ]4 m: P4 E+ h" r1 Igo public 上市 ' n4 g# w* A. M& _7 e+ r
growth spurt (经济的)急剧增长 " t4 q. [5 A: w! P
have one's "two commas" 百万富翁 0 c5 _6 l/ h9 w
hedge against 套期保值
2 S: b- Q! A4 e- }; phousing mortgage  住房按揭
1 J5 V  C" [2 X* A4 ~! Y6 C- Zholdings 控股,所持股份
) ?2 c  M9 k6 `9 v4 N; Rholding company 控股公司 ( _) I( Q4 ^* ]$ p' a
initial offerings 原始股
3 S# B8 l: i3 h9 e1 pinitial public offerings 首次公募
; Q# D& d6 f( ]innovative business 创新企业 7 W; r! ~% X" e. {0 j( N  h7 k
intellectual capital 智力资本
2 \9 [2 L1 g& L% t7 k( }inter-bank lending 拆借
$ p- v4 e% r; {0 t* K. @9 kinternet customer  网上客户 + m; p6 j! l/ W' _4 J
investment payoff period  投资回收期
$ n3 ?# `' m& `2 Cjoint-stock 参股 ) m& S1 \' i  W% M
mall rat 爱逛商店的年轻人
' K5 o- q/ |; k" u% T8 A! Vmeans of production  生产要素 5 ]' R' K) C( @2 i+ U* y: R* @: T
(the)medical cost social pool for major diseases  大病医疗费用社会统筹
: m+ Q( b) S  L& A3 omergers and acquisitions 并购 * [' |1 L, M5 Z+ U) C" b5 b% J
mobile-phone banking 移动电话银行业
' r' \9 _- J+ g- ]: Mmoods 人气
- ?0 [& \& p% X  v! P$ K, `net potato 网虫
: \$ G2 ^& ^- h- rnon-store seling 直销
% w% p/ d" ^, d, f, R7 Yoffering 新股
6 E0 `0 D+ L3 D/ y6 V( o0 f$ `+ L6 ]online-banking  网上银行业 2 T: F( Y" C0 }
online-finance  在线金融 ' I2 w) ]8 o+ j9 l8 U1 R* S  `
online client(银行的)网上客户 - P8 J$ N) l. q2 Z. N* ^- j
paper profit 帐面收益
2 _# _$ Z3 ?* |1 xphysical assets 有形资产
( e: f+ h3 v5 N# G) H3 S% Fproject fund system 项目资本金制度 ; N/ l3 Y6 x/ U0 J0 I
pyramid sale 传销 * t$ G, b  k; r0 ~
recapitalize 资产重组
2 P/ N( x8 z) V9 d% j3 E$ f+ D% u; eregional corrency blocks 地区货币集团 - M! R$ e' j4 w0 O3 n$ |2 y$ k
regulate 调控
( z+ s  b3 x4 X; W( k! \, Nsell off 变现
! v7 f- L4 o# {share(stock) option 期权,股票认购权
' u$ n9 X# k. L& h2 D5 J" Gsmart card 智能卡 1 o& [  P+ w6 R9 D. G+ ]
slash prices 杀价 : x% ]7 j3 N' d- k7 h+ e9 ~% {; ?
spare capacity  闲置的生产能力
& C$ W! M  l3 I) [strong growth  强劲的增长势头 2 I4 i) j- l! t. M
switch trade 转手贸易
* s5 F. q$ v: n9 Vtake…public 上市 * X6 y7 o5 A3 Q/ \3 |' D
tap the idle assets 盘活存量资产
4 v6 D0 N/ R: X; H3 s$ u3 A5 e: Y- btransaction (银行的)交易
; q2 X. J3 O5 p# X1 Xtransfer payment from the exchequer  财政转移支付 * Q4 I  j4 K2 E$ K
venture-capital 风险资本
( \) d5 t' K( h9 Q: `0 e; _virtual bank 虚拟银行 3 E8 _% a" u4 b* j3 k" s  z2 h5 W
wire transfer 电子转帐 
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