|
  
- 积分
- 10722
- 经验
- 585
- 美元
- 2271
- 贡献值
- 75
- 在线时间
- 6 小时
- 最后登录
- 2009-7-20
|
基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure
4 P, b' H* _! `基本经济要素 economic fundamentals ; \" ~ u! N$ D. T# E: r# X; S
基本适度 broadly appropriate
& t- _/ Q6 G8 M3 C" U基准利率 benchmark interest rate
5 m- ]4 c, N' m& `) C机关团体存款 deposits of non-profit institutions 3 h$ k: ~; \1 h/ o1 l7 [9 n
机会成本 opportunity cost
$ Y: I/ z& }5 O2 F' x' i激励机制 incentive mechanism
% F Q. C4 t o- |( X# t1 ] A积压严重 heavy stockpile; excessive inventory
z, A. @. E3 t% Z; d挤提存款 run on banks 7 l6 w) ^3 Z4 c% g H1 q4 u
挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of（financial）resources（from designated uses） ' L8 N( s; X' Y' ?
技改投资 investment in technological upgrading
$ j- ]9 Y+ n6 ?: V7 H7 U: [技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product + D3 O) P! o0 K; U9 u+ o K
计划单列市 municipalities with independent planning status 0 x. H: { y, Z- `" s: `5 k
计划经济 planned economy
M2 t! j8 g5 { Z集体经济 the collective sector
: t! ^. [- l8 R1 a H8 B加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment * u4 B% C X& T) [3 o1 i
加工贸易 processing trade 6 F9 D/ g5 H* @5 L3 E0 I- o& I
加快态势 accelerating trend ) G8 |# n9 }. B
加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration . u6 s8 l2 ?$ G6 _" t0 m
加权价 weighted average price
' x/ |+ ]% [5 K B$ x' X价格放开 price liberalization ; f+ ^ a! V+ k. V3 M0 c
价格形成机制 pricing mechanism ' C& v7 b0 T1 K' |7 n+ v3 j! R
减亏 to reduce losses
" U# J W, O9 o) J0 N简化手续 to cut red tape; to simplify（streamline）procedures
% u7 m- f& w" b) r6 g交投活跃 brisk trading
- Y' F& }) W$ l, ~. p! {; |, g缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves 1 e8 d. Q w$ C$ M/ q
结构扭曲 structural distortion . B8 U, Q+ p. s; v, r
结构失调 structural imbalance , V9 S, V- }4 z. `6 |
结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance
) }- z: y& K" d$ X$ ]; S结构优化 structural improvement（optimization）
1 n; E& }8 F( j Y3 w结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign exchange 0 s. ]4 v$ L7 l7 W" a5 T. I" @
金融脆弱 financial fragility
% Y) _, s; M, \, \9 B& k金融动荡 financial turbulence , X- P' ]6 O! ^! ?9 z& _
金融风波 financial disturbance ; p' p$ P# l0 ^, v* t! a
金融恐慌 financial panic
$ z2 A6 o% w6 P0 W金融危机 financial crisis 6 F2 f1 `: c# U1 x
金融压抑 financial repression
& j5 ?$ F7 W: ?6 [" j% ]金融衍生物 financial derivatives * U( \7 ` N; ^( ^8 }4 ^' F8 R' \ v! \
金融诈骗 financial fraud 2 \3 Z) ]5 ?6 e2 H E
紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy 4 B3 E, R. e$ {4 a6 U
紧缩政策 austerity policies; tight financial policies 5 H( r! \- V7 k' x% `
经常账户可兑换 current account convertibility % w8 V J$ H5 v8 Z# m3 U
经济特区 special economic zones（SEZs） - q6 h* q2 i$ M+ C3 t7 T
经济体制改革 economic reform
' \; k: r, W, ~" V& b3 Y经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth（from investment expansion to efficiency gains）
/ o6 D# q5 i) {5 G经济增长减速 economic slowdown; moderation in economic growth : i$ K% a, \; v/ ~1 b1 j, E0 ^+ h, q
经济制裁 economic sanction
9 d: J& m$ p9 `4 v+ U经营自主权 autonomy in management
8 G J! V! p7 c4 y& H# g2 H景气回升 recovery in business activity : }6 s/ T0 d! [2 C6 i% s
境外投资 overseas investment ' ?% J+ x/ q- N; I7 R F) f
竞争加剧 intensifying competition l* a- Y$ n) ]6 @
局部性金融风波 localized（isolated）financial disturbance
6 a* v* l( n# M: }$ g) [! K$ k) x* |2 W' ?2 W
K
; E9 W I" }/ m/ }3 ~! M开办人民币业务 to engage in RMB business 2 N9 y3 a$ B3 G3 u K* L5 s
可维持（可持续）经济增长 sustainable economic growth * L; v5 B; M7 Y0 Q) G) _3 q
可变成本 variable cost : \/ ~/ ?+ Y1 A) T
可自由兑换货币 freely convertible currency ' a' w1 g" |' ?
控制现金投放 control currency issuance
+ a( P8 R2 B+ h& D扣除物价因素 in real terms; on inflation-adjusted basis ' j0 e1 U8 v# ]0 D, ?- }/ T N
库存产品 inventory 9 D/ C+ I) y* P5 {
跨国银行业务 cross-border banking
2 ^5 h! }$ x/ }8 M L跨年度采购 cross-year procurement
, M# f$ u. g+ q! ^4 X- I会计准则 accounting standard ( _8 Y: ^- Y+ t4 A
], c# K. E R0 @5 F9 x. }. ~/ p3 EL , Q# o0 Z4 Y5 z) x) k9 a3 q$ C8 j
来料加工 processing of imported materials for export # p0 |3 ?) \ O0 ~, C$ y
离岸银行业务 off-shore banking（business）
, C2 f) H( @+ b% r3 d( e理顺外贸体制 to rationalize foreign trade regime & ~1 n) r2 ]* `7 Q7 b# t" P
利率杠杆的调节作用 the role of interest rates in resource allocation 4 E" L! D) H# W2 |9 Z2 S; R
利润驱动 profit-driven , ]- Y- S7 T% J1 v
利息回收率 interest collection ratio
" g8 s, a- r. h8 C% P: {+ O8 t: }联行清算 inter-bank settlement 4 V* v! S( K" ` e
连锁企业 franchise（businesses）;chain businesses
$ l5 W2 |* t/ o$ u( E/ I7 S6 ?& c {( ^良性循环 virtuous cycle
+ w: s4 N; }1 {, }两极分化 growing income disparity; polarization in income distribution / M* n! @" p F0 ?( [' y1 g
零售物价指数 retail price index（RPI） 4 U9 ?/ l. p& T9 o9 {7 a0 \
流动性比例 liquidity ratio $ i$ Y3 Z7 t$ u) x( F! k
流动资产周转率/流通速度 velocity of liquid assets * T7 e' I$ T* o6 e( r
流动资金贷款 working capital loans 6 m$ H: }9 E' B! q5 \9 z
流通体制 distribution system 6 q/ w/ c7 g; ~6 T3 F) E
流通网络 distribution network 4 U5 m% J" q2 c: D3 P5 c
留购（租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物） hire purchase
7 E% r r$ W% `% [ q垄断行业 monopolized industry（sector） + u# Z( S( P M0 \( f# S
乱集资 irregular（illegal）fund raising 2 W/ h. {; c8 o5 V* S# B# b/ m& \4 _
乱收费 irregular（illegal）charges
& n" k& `% B9 w4 I& O: r乱摊派 unjustified（arbitrary）levies ) X% [1 m/ _5 ]) d
3 o4 h( t% y" h: D7 v( v" B k
M ' @& e2 [* ]5 h9 U5 f
买方市场 buyer's market
/ q$ ]5 g" S) j' Q% C5 h卖方市场 seller's market % @% {9 g; R4 X" ~
卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo
. c7 B( I! l$ O2 @贸易差额 trade balance 2 V6 Y3 ?* E, f7 q- Y# C
民间信用 non-institutionalized credit 1 o9 T) }- r+ L! H0 T
免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years of making profit and 50% tax reduction for the following three years - c0 u8 G' |3 S6 W' J3 m, X
明补 explicit subsidy
- f2 \# q# M" M明亏 explicit loss
( ~+ l3 l$ }& ?名牌产品 brand products
1 h2 |4 r1 ^8 O7 B母国（请见“东道国”） home country
" n Z0 r8 h# b9 q) j4 s2 T0 E6 _8 B8 B7 W, ~: _
N $ D1 E% ?0 z. G' j, b' s# l8 w$ H
内部控制 internal control
+ j ?) x9 N6 K: c+ g: E% d内部审计 internal audit
$ Z# A' I0 d8 ~# }0 K内地与香港 the mainland and Hong Kong C* ]: a' V! \1 M. E
内债 domestic debt
+ Y) t# p! J6 v$ m7 U; p$ w3 c扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one
* q3 w; A9 @2 I/ D- ~9 R扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources
- o8 L" @" w) s L; E农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement & g* b6 c, z1 S; V- N$ W" q
农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives（RCCs）
$ C5 Z% ^1 \0 V4 d* V3 q: {) ~, F
" N! f7 }5 |# E' B- b$ n+ y* sP
{2 k$ o/ e. }& Y A+ J1 _* x泡沫效应 bubble effect $ u% B, H, N$ a4 \5 C( B; `, t/ ~
泡沫经济 bubble economy : @2 S3 c% R- q q4 ]0 {
培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth 5 a$ |0 U7 O" v9 L
片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth 9 U7 E' g+ N: h# q. j2 F
平衡发展 balanced development
( }# `7 j( q7 _# c& f" q$ R瓶颈制约 bottleneck（constraints）
K2 x( @; s; ?" y z% K9 T" H( ^平稳回升 steady recovery ! ] [ E* k# e3 e5 R
铺底流动资金 initial（start-up）working capital
' ~2 f- k& x S1 r' P普遍回升 broad-based recovery $ i9 o' E& m) z1 \+ Q* R+ e6 K
配套改革 concomitant（supporting）reforms , W3 T9 }9 {3 r% G* r1 m g
配套人民币资金 local currency funding of… ) m- h* n- \ z E7 U
( I0 {7 i$ c1 B$ l2 _" v
Q
* z; G9 Q' K3 h企业办社会 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities
( \# d! E0 S% t& q) C9 v0 q企业集团战略 corporate group strategy I; V+ u+ a" K `2 _# S8 J
企业兼并重组 company merger and restructuring ( r2 U6 T5 N. L3 E, _0 h/ Q
企业领导班子 enterprise management
" _( Z: E) V6 X; Q, z0 ~企业所得税 enterprise（corporate）income tax
; K& u9 d3 ~" L企业效益 corporate profitability & N) S. B0 f1 l+ q( e4 t
企业资金违规流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market
3 w7 S3 f8 a( }. C欠税 tax arrears : A& ]$ `1 F: T7 R
欠息 overdue interest ' k- O, C: g4 c0 d a( z2 J
强化税收征管 to strengthen tax administration 4 T2 Q7 O5 M+ m9 n
强制措施 enforcement action
1 J! H( D4 I f0 z8 J5 p0 o翘尾因素 carryover effect 2 B8 G/ ~- C1 i: T
切一刀 partial application 3 x o1 e+ u. O( g
清理收回贷款 clean up and recover loans 3 Z: V0 i. k2 W: ^5 D
（破产）清算 liquidation 3 L; R5 i1 ?" \8 M. f- c- K
倾斜政策 preferential policy ' s2 S! Y' d ~0 D' E, g2 e8 D
区别对待 differential treatment
) H; R' @4 D; S% d2 U趋势加强 intensifying trend 7 q6 N7 a0 I+ O
全球化 globalization
' Q8 t5 |1 `) K6 f权益回报率 returns on equity（ROE）
& Z3 P1 |0 \9 v( [8 @; @5 \缺乏后劲 unsustainable momentum
! N2 x8 H8 c4 d# x; k* S' S# O( \1 i0 e6 M. O; g+ L9 C8 q
R * V. ~* R! w' V: J
绕规模贷款 to circumvent credit ceiling 2 E% g$ U4 t! Y6 Q) g
人均国内生产总值 per capita GDP
9 Q4 H7 t- ^! F6 R5 K# _: u# t人均收入 per capita income , j ?& U2 e3 W0 G5 o2 U m
人民币升值压力 upward pressure on the Renminbi（exchange rate） ( o# G2 {: U. Y3 R* I( k, a
认缴资本 subscribed capital
% G1 R1 M: ~6 x软贷款 soft loans 6 Y' c# A: x" M- q& X
软预算约束 soft budget constraint # ] x: _ m) J' S2 V: U0 L( u
软着陆 soft landing: @+ C' F& d# Y5 |
1 U% q0 a$ ~6 s" y2 WS
% `. Q8 {: T$ Q+ z三角债 chain debts;inter-enterprise arrears
+ T/ Z b% J+ L2 C4 ?- F善政廉政 good governance
. B1 r4 ]) n4 x' m, H商业贷款 commercial loans * r2 i) X) U% H: n) ^6 s" S( m
上市公司 （publicly）listed corporations
- N4 z9 t' ^8 _- [7 S+ S设备利用 capacity utilization ; m' _, W% x% D) \& q7 V: D
社会保障 social safety net; social security（insurance）
- n! ^- h, ]! t4 r深层次矛盾 deep-rooted structural imbalance
4 t2 b) F Z: F% k! A: b( b8 x审批金融机构 to license financial institutions
0 _! \! ], j5 H n- ?审慎监管 prudential supervision
/ l: d( o2 [1 @/ {2 i生产能力闲置 unutilized capacity ' ]4 D8 k; V$ I; D7 K
生息资产 interest-bearing assets
2 c3 ]/ b* M7 T& o/ u实际利用外资 disbursement of foreign capital; actual inflow of foreign investment 5 t8 {$ Z) R* [6 @' O
实际有效汇率 real effective exchange rate
. r( D# N, w7 ?% W实时 real time
( m" _" k0 Y9 F l实收资本 paid-in capital
, |9 i( t9 D- @, z0 D7 a( a实现利润 realized profit 7 H$ I9 H5 E+ m) {9 P# T0 Q
市场分割 market segmentation 3 s0 T9 f4 T# @& O2 e0 Z2 d) x9 r
市场经济 market economy : y6 C* @& Q1 N
市场占有率（市场份额） market share
! ?0 I# X$ L. G; C) }8 j C市场准入 market access（指商品和劳务的进入）；market entry（指机构的审批）
. X6 e, [, l- Q市价总值 market capitalization 1 n6 d* \8 C( J5 C1 I" q" s
适度从紧 appropriately tight 5 ]2 Z$ `: c" o4 C& {
适时调节 timely adjustment
0 M/ b- D' [$ X4 q X M6 V收回对金融机构贷款 to recall central bank loans （to financial institutions）
+ k" L1 D& O5 @) t6 q4 d6 ~$ R税后还贷 amortization（repayment of loans）after tax
( @; }1 v5 A6 z( l" m& i税收流失 tax erosion
5 E+ F% q9 ]7 d0 l$ P1 h% R9 g7 a税源不足 weak tax base ) v5 f" r2 z+ L6 n8 q+ F
私营经济（私人经济） the private sector & a( D4 P1 e' U# f
私有制 private ownership
; X5 Y# Y7 V# E0 {# U所有者权益 owner's equity
' u( h6 t& e9 ~+ O8 A8 e G* d, p# ?, X) G. \; T R" Y+ m. B( ^
T * C& G$ Y; t# R5 r& x. G9 K# v* v- W
逃税（请见“避税”） tax evasion
, ] L( P8 s1 J& R) \套汇 （1）指合法：currency swap; arbitrage（2）指非法：illegal purchase of foreign exchange 7 D5 q) g8 u- q- z6 X A
剔除季节性因素 seasonally adjusted
5 `6 s( b, }" R. k8 j调节流动性 to influence liquidity level : S/ q* t& g% k2 n! G0 u
贴现窗口 discount window " P) z y6 Y) E" U' [8 o# ?
同比 on year-on-year basis; over the same period of the previous year
0 c- h7 j4 |9 r9 D* d# @3 }& l0 Y同业拆借（放） inter-bank borrowing（lending）
7 N& L7 P; j& |) C同业拆借市场利率（中国） CHIBOR（China inter-bank offered rate） : z7 b6 s. A$ T; r7 _4 f& i
同业融通票据 inter-bank financing bills
. ~+ e( I. Y9 G, o/ u! b同业往来 inter-bank transactions d' V6 D* x( P# N' N/ o6 j- U$ S
透支 overdraft ' K4 Q" O! z- h) {7 B+ m: ]8 K
退税 tax refund（rebate） 5 b- R- k H( p9 I! r- f4 X1 o
头寸 position
# C/ n. j1 s5 C吞吐基础货币 adjustment of monetary base
O- L; } y0 N7 g( x脱媒现象 disintermediation
; U# q; l8 W' ` V/ m& t! Z9 k: }5 V
" q# F5 _1 l0 `, \外部审计 external audit ) ^, h' ~5 U) B5 z
外国直接投资 foreign direct investment （FDI）
0 l9 V! }- [+ l! G' W1 X外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves / W5 s7 p# ?6 h2 s
外汇调剂 foreign exchange swap
" v$ k: ^. r! W b4 G外汇占款 the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves; the RMB equivalent of official foreign exchange holdings 5 s$ S( c J3 @% O& I
外向型经济 export-oriented economy
5 C6 c- k9 f* ?6 p6 T外债 external debt $ P- }- @- @: Y. l4 S
外资企业 foreign-funded enterprises
9 V# l: e" P' v* ?9 [完善现代企业制度 to improve the modern enterprise system 7 a" c K$ J; ~8 N( Q' U( E- c
完税凭证 tax payment documentation
$ ^( T1 |0 E0 _7 H# E违法经营 illegal business
; @! ^: x* X- ^- p委托存款 entrusted deposits
7 ~+ r4 p9 [: g" K' i稳步增长 steady growth & `+ F4 V, t$ d
稳健的银行系统 a sound banking system
" y X+ L2 z/ H- g Z稳中求进 to make progress while ensuring stability 9 I& O) J* g7 q& p X6 [. o
无纸交易 book-entry（or paperless/script less）transaction 0 m* \3 P) O! ~) k9 E$ v; ]
物价监测 price monitoring |
|
